Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Microbiology, Az.C, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran.
2
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, GO.C, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran. & Medicinal Plants Research Center, GO.C, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3
Medicinal Plants Research Center, GO.C, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran. & Department of Plant Sciences, GO.C, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Background: The increasing resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactam antibiotics poses a major challenge in treating hospital-acquired infections. Plant-derived compounds with antibacterial properties offer promising alternatives or complementary therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia chebula fruit against β-lactam-resistant K. pneumoniae strains and identify its bioactive constituents.
Materials and Methods: Fruits of T. chebula were collected from the Minab region, Hormozgan Province, Iran, and extracted using 70% ethanol via maceration. Antibacterial activity was assessed using disk diffusion, well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. The chemical composition of the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Results: The hydroalcoholic extract demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against β-lactam-resistant K. pneumoniae. GC-MS analysis identified major bioactive compounds, including 1,2,3-Benzenetriol (64.19%), phenols (5.15%), benzoic acid (4.43%), and aldehyde derivatives (3.84%). In total, 86.89% of detected compounds are known for antibacterial activity.
Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of T. chebula exhibits promising antibacterial activity against β-lactam-resistant K. pneumoniae and represents a potential natural source for the development of novel antibacterial agents.
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