United Nations. World population ageing 2013. New York: United Nations; 2013.
Massoud A, Rezaei N. Immunology of aging. Berlin: Springer; 2014. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-39495-9]
Pawelec G, Goldeck D, Derhovanessian E. Inflammation, ageing and chronic disease. Current Opinion in Immunology. 2014; 29:23–8. [DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2014.03.007] [PMID]
Pera A, Campos C, López N, Hassouneh F, Alonso C, Tarazona R, et al. Immunosenescence: Implications for response to infection and vaccination in older people. Maturitas. 2015; 82(1):50–5. [DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.05.004] [PMID]
Gumucio JP, Sugg KB, Mendias CL. Mendias, TGF-β superfamily signaling in muscle and tendon adaptation to resistance exercise. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 2015; 43(2):93–9. [DOI:10.1249/JES.0000000000000041] [PMID] [PMCID]
Travis MA, Sheppard D. Sheppard, TGF-β activation and function in immunity. Annual Review of Immunology. 2014; 32(1):51–82. [DOI:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120257] [PMID] [PMCID]
Romano M, Guagnano MT, Pacini G, Vigneri S, Falco A, Marinopiccoli M, et al. Association of inflammation markers with impaired insulin sensitivity and coagulative activation in obese healthy women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2003; 88(11):5321-6. [DOI:10.1210/jc.2003-030508] [PMID]
Agarwal I, Glazer NL, Barasch E, Biggs ML, Djousse L, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Fibrosis-related biomarkers and incident cardiovascular disease in older adults: the cardiovascular health study. Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2014; 7(4):583-9. [DOI:10.1161/CIRCEP.114.001610.] [PMID] [PMCID]
Pfeiffer A, Middelberg-Bisping K, Drewes C, Schatz H. Elevated plasma levels of transforming growth factor-β1 in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1996; 19(10):1113-7. [DOI:10.2337/diacare.19.10.1113] [PMID]
Lin Y, Nakachi K, Ito Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, et al. Variations in serum transforming growth factor-β1 levels with gender, age and lifestyle factors of healthy Japanese adults. Disease Markers. 2009; 27(1):23-8. [DOI:10.1155/2009/529253] [PMID] [PMCID]
Sheng J, Chen W, Zhu HJ. The immune suppressive function of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in human diseases. Growth Factors. 2015; 33(2):92-101. [DOI:10.3109/08977194.2015.1010645] [PMID]
Forsey RJ, Thompson JM, Ernerudh J, Hurst TL, Strindhall J, Johansson B, et al. Plasma cytokine profiles in elderly humans. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 2003; 124(4):487–93. [DOI:10.1016/S0047-6374(03)00025-3]
Van der Kraan PM, Goumans M-J, Blaney Davidson E, ten Dijke P. Age-dependent alteration of TGF-β signalling in osteoarthritis. Cell and Tissue Research. 2011; 347(1):257–65. [DOI:10.1007/s00441-011-1194-6] [PMID] [PMCID]
Glass DJ. PI3 kinase regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Health and Disease. 2010; 267-78. [DOI:10.1007/82_2010_78] [PMID]
Justine M, Hamid TA, Mohan V, Jagannathan M. Effects of multicomponent exercise training on physical functioning among institutionalized elderly. ISRN Rehabilitation. 2012; 2012:1–7.
Kendall KL, Fairman CM. Women and exercise in aging. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2014; 3(3):170-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.jshs.2014.02.001]
Chodzko-Zajko WJ. The World Health Organization issues guidelines for promoting physical activity among older persons. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. 1997; 5(1):1–8. [DOI:10.1123/japa.5.1.1]
Ghasempour L, Hoseini F S, Soleymani M, Ahmadi M. [Effects ofphysical fitness exercise, mental exercise and mindfulness exercise on static and dynamic balance in elderly women (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017; 12(2):180-191. [DOI:10.21859/sija-1202180]
Touvra AM, Volaklis K, Spassis A, Zois C, Douda H, Kotsa K, et al. Combined strength and aerobic training increases transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hormones. 2011; 10(2):125-30. [DOI:10.14310/horm.2002.1302]
Oesen S, Halper B, Hofmann M, Jandrasits W, Franzke B, Strasser E-M, et al. Effects of elastic band resistance training and nutritional supplementation on physical performance of institutionalised elderly: A randomized controlled trial. Experimental Gerontology. 2015; 72:99–108. [DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.013] [PMID]
Schober-Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Franzke B, Wolf T, Strasser EM, et al. Elastic band resistance training influences transforming growth factor-ß receptor I mRNA expression in peripheral mononuclear cells of institutionalised older adults: The Vienna Active Ageing Study (VAAS). Immunity & Ageing. 2016; 13(1):22. [DOI:10.1186/s12979-016-0077-9] [PMID] [PMCID]
Hofmann M, Schober-Halper B, Oesen S, Franzke B, Tschan H, Bachl N, et al. Effects of elastic band resistance training and nutritional supplementation on muscle quality and circulating muscle growth and degradation factors of institutionalized elderly women: The Vienna Active Ageing Study (VAAS). European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2016; 116(5):885-97. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-016-3344-8] [PMID] [PMCID]
Kohut ML, McCann DA, Russell DW, Konopka DN, Cunnick JE, Franke WD, et al. Aerobic exercise, but not flexibility/resistance exercise, reduces serum IL-18, CRP, and IL-6 independent of β-blockers, BMI, and psychosocial factors in older adults. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2006; 20(3):201-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2005.12.002] [PMID]
Gleeson M. Anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. Obesity, Inflammation and Cancer. 2013; 401–24. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-6819-6_16]
Bandeen-Roche K, Walston JD, Huang Y, Semba RD, Ferrucci L. Measuring systemic inflammatory regulation in older adults: Evidence and utility. Rejuvenation Research. 2009; 12(6):403-410. [DOI:10.1089/rej.2009.0883] [PMID] [PMCID]
Colado JC, Garcia-Masso X, Triplett TN, Flandez J, Borreani S, Tella V. Concurrent validation of the OMNI-resistance exercise scale of perceived exertion with Thera-band resistance bands. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2012; 26(11):3018–24. [DOI:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318245c0c9] [PMID]
Chupel MU, Direito F, Furtado GE, Minuzzi LG, Pedrosa FM, Colado JC, et al. Strength training decreases inflammation and increases cognition and physical fitness in older women with cognitive impairment. Frontiers in Physiology. 2017; 8:377. [DOI:10.3389/fphys.2017.00377] [PMID] [PMCID]
Simpson RJ, Lowder TW, Spielmann G, Bigley AB, LaVoy EC, Kunz H. Exercise and the aging immune system. Ageing Research Reviews. 2012; 11(3):404-20. [DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2012.03.003] [PMID]
Sallam N, Laher I. Exercise modulates oxidative stress and inflammation in aging and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2016; 2016:1–32.
Binder EF, Yarasheski KE, Steger-May K, Sinacore DR, Brown M, Schechtman KB, et al. Effects of progressive resistance training on body composition in frail older adults: results of a randomized, controlled trial. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2005; 60(11):1425-31. [DOI:10.1093/gerona/60.11.1425] [PMID]
Bautmans I, Njemini R, Vasseur S, Chabert H, Moens L, Demanet C, et al. Biochemical changes in response to intensive resistance exercise training in the elderly. Gerontology. 2005; 2005; 51(4):253–65. [DOI:10.1159/000085122] [PMID]
Sandri M. Signaling in muscle atrophy and hypertrophy. Physiology. 2008; 23(3):160-70. [DOI:10.1152/physiol.00041.2007] [PMID]
Roubenoff R. Catabolism of aging: Is it an inflammatory process. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 2003; 6(3):295-299. [DOI:10.1097/01.mco.0000068965.34812.62] [PMID]
Jensen GL. Inflammation: Roles in aging and sarcopenia. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2008; 32(6): 656-9. [DOI:10.1177/0148607108324585] [PMID]
Trappe S, Williamson D, Godard M, Porter D, Rowden G, Costill D. Effect of resistance training on single muscle fiber contractile function in older men. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2000; 89(1):143-52. [DOI:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.143] [PMID]
)
